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1.
Rev. biol. trop ; 71(1)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1514959

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El pargo mancha es un pez marino de alto consumo e interés comercial en Costa Rica que está sometido a una fuerte presión pesquera, la cual puede afectar la diversidad genética y generar problemas por depresión endogámica. Objetivo: Evaluar el estado genético de la población de Lutjanus guttatus mediante el uso microsatélites. Métodos: Se recolectaron muestras entre el 2018 y 2019 y se estudiaron 44 individuos de cada una de las localidades del Golfo de Nicoya y Golfo Dulce. Se realizó la extracción de ADN y la amplificación de diez loci con microsatélites mediante PCR, para la determinación del genotipo, análisis de diversidad genética y estructura poblacional. Resultados: Los parámetros de diversidad indican un elevado polimorfismo asociado con un alto número de alelos obtenidos por locus, pero con bajos niveles de heterocigosidad observada en comparación con la esperada (Ho= 0.774 y 0.800 y He= 0.948 y 0.954 para Golfo de Nicoya y Golfo Dulce, respectivamente). No hay evidencia suficiente para decir que las dos poblaciones son distintas (FST= 0.00264, P > 0.05). La desviación del Equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg indica la posible mezcla de organismos de origen distinto a los del medio silvestre. Conclusiones: L. guttatus tiene niveles altos de diversidad genética, no hay evidencia de diferenciación en subpoblaciones genéticas, lo que en manejo pesquerías se considera una sola población panmíctica. La posible mezcla de individuos de origen distinto al silvestre sugiere la presencia de organismos de un programa de repoblación o de cultivos comerciales en la región. El uso de marcadores genéticos se recomienda para el monitoreo, además, en programas de repoblación y evaluar su efecto.


Introduction: The spotted snapper is a high-consumption and commercially important marine fish in Costa Rica, subjected to heavy fishing pressures, which can affect genetic diversity and generate problems due to inbreeding depression. Objective: To evaluate the genetic status of the population of Lutjanus guttatus using microsatellites. Methods: Samples were collected between 2018 and 2019, and 44 individuals from each of the localities of the Gulf of Nicoya and the Gulf of Dulce were studied. DNA extraction and amplification of ten loci with microsatellites using PCR were performed, followed by genotyping, analysis of genetic diversity, and population structure. Results: Diversity parameters indicate a high polymorphism associated with a high number of alleles obtained per locus, but with low levels of observed heterozygosity compared to expected (Ho= 0.774 and 0.800, and He= 0.948 and 0.954 for the Gulf of Nicoya and Gulf of Dulce, respectively). There is not enough evidence to say that the two populations are distinct (FST= 0.00264, P > 0.05). Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was recorded, indicating possible mixing of organisms of different origin from the wild environment. Conclusions: L. guttatus presents high levels of genetic diversity, without evidence of differentiation in genetic subpopulations. For fisheries management purposes, they would be considered a single panmictic population. The possible mixing with wild individuals suggests the presence of organisms derived from a restocking or commercial cultivation program carried out in the region. The use of genetic markers is recommended to maintain monitoring, follow up on restocking programs and evaluate their effect.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Inbred Strains/growth & development , Fishes/growth & development , Costa Rica , Genetic Fitness
2.
Med. interna Méx ; 35(5): 708-712, sep.-oct. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250265

ABSTRACT

Resumen: El pénfigo es una enfermedad autoinmunitaria y crónica de incidencia y prevalencia bajas; sin embargo, puede alcanzar mortalidad de incluso 75% sin tratamiento. Existen dos variedades principales: el pénfigo vulgar y el foliáceo, que en términos clínicos se distinguen por la aparición de ampollas en la piel, con afección de las mucosas en los pacientes con pénfigo vulgar. En esta revisión se detalla la epidemiología, causas, fisiopatología y tratamiento de esta enfermedad, con insistencia en la importancia de los esteroides como piedra angular del tratamiento de estos pacientes.


Abstract: Pemphigus is an autoimmune and chronic disease with low incidence and preva- lence. Nevertheless it could reach a 75% mortality rate without treatment. There are two principal types: vulgar pemphigus and foliaceus pemphigus, which are clinically characterized by skin blister appearance, with mucosal affection in patients with pemphigus vulgaris. This review details the epidemiology, etiology, physiopathology and treatment of this disease, remarking the steroid importance as the cornerstone in the management of these patients.

3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 51(3): 247-250, set. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041832

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 100 aislados consecutivos y no epidemiológicamente relacionados de Acinetobacter baumannii resistentes a los carbapenems, recuperados entre enero y agosto de 2016 de muestras clínicas en 11 hospitales de 10 provincias de la Argentina, ubicadas en distintas regiones del país. Los genes que codifican las carbapenemasas de Ambler clase D y clase B se investigaron mediante la técnica de PCR utilizando cebadores específicos. Todos los aislados se agruparon mediante las técnicas de 3-locus sequence typing y la secuenciación del gen blaOXA-51-like. El gen blaOXA-23 se recuperó en todos los aislados estudiados. La población de A. baumannii resistente a carbapenems en Argentina estuvo asociada, principalmente, con ST1 (45%), ST25 (34%) y ST79 (15%). ST25 se recuperó en todas las regiones estudiadas y no se detectó CC2.


One hundred sequential, epidemiologically unrelated carbapenem-resistant- Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from 11 hospitals in 10 Argentine provinces were collected between January and August 2016. Genes coding for Ambler class D and B carbapenemases were investigated by PCR using specific primers. All isolates were typed using the 3-locus sequence typing and b/aOXA-51-like sequence-based typing techniques. The blaOXA-23 gene was recovered in all isolates studied. The population of carbapenem-resistant- A. baumannii in Argentina was principally associated with ST1 (45%), ST25 (34%) and ST79 (15%). ST25 was recovered in all the regions studied and CC2 was not detected.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , beta-Lactamases/genetics , Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , Carbapenems/pharmacology , Cross Infection/microbiology , beta-Lactam Resistance , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolation & purification , Argentina/epidemiology , Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects , Acinetobacter baumannii/enzymology , Acinetobacter baumannii/genetics
4.
Rev. patol. trop ; 48(2): 79-86, 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025483

ABSTRACT

Bacteria of the genus Salmonella are gram-negative rods, facultative anaerobic non-spore formers, which may or may not be flagellated. These bacteria are frequently detected in poultry products and are important in animal and public health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in feces from broiler chicken litters located in municipalities of the central region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study analyzed 845 feces samples from different poultry farms collected between September 2016 and March 2017. Pre-enrichment broths, specific selective broths and selective indicator agar were used for the analyses. The suspected isolates were submitted to biochemical testing and serotyping with "O" and "H" antisera to identify the Salmonella serotypes. The results showed that 213 feces samples were contaminated with Salmonella, and the serotypes found were: S. Minnesota, S. Sandiego, S. Schwarzengrund, S. Infantis, S. Hadar, S. enterica subsp. enterica (O: 4.5), S. Montevideo, S. Miami, S. Heidelberg, S. Cerro, S. Ndolo, S. Panama, S. Anatum, S. Tennessee, S. Agona, S. Newport and S. Muenster. The Minnesota serotype was predominant among the isolates investigated. Actions to improve the biosafety of commercial poultry farms are necessary to prevent possible contamination of poultry products that endanger human health.


As bactérias do gênero Salmonella são bastonetes gram-negativos, formadores anaeróbicos facultativos não esporos, que podem ou não ser flagelados. Essas bactérias são freqüentemente detectadas em produtos avícolas e são importantes na saúde animal e pública. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de Salmonella spp. em fezes de ninhadas de frangos de corte localizados em municípios da região central do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. O estudo analisou 845 amostras de fezes de diferentes granjas de aves coletadas entre setembro de 2016 e março de 2017. Caldos de pré-enriquecimento, caldos seletivos específicos e ágar indicador seletivo foram utilizados para as análises. Os isolados suspeitos foram submetidos a testes bioquímicos e sorotipagem com anti-soros "O" e "H" para identificar os sorotipos de Salmonella. Os resultados mostraram que 213 amostras de fezes estavam contaminadas com Salmonella, e os sorotipos encontrados foram: S. Minnesota, S. Sandiego, S. Schwarzengrund, S. Infantis, S. Hadar, S. enterica subsp. enterica (O: 4.5), S. Montevidéu, S. Miami, S. Heidelberg, S. Cerro, S. Ndolo, S. Panamá, S. Anatum, S. Tennessee, S. Agona, S. Newport e S. Muenster . O sorotipo Minnesota foi predominante entre os isolados investigados. Ações para melhorar a biossegurança das granjas comerciais de aves são necessárias para evitar a possível contaminação dos produtos avícolas que põem em risco a saúde humana.


Subject(s)
Animals , Poultry , Poultry Products/analysis , Salmonella , Bacteria, Anaerobic
5.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(1): 30-33, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838023

ABSTRACT

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms is a severe adverse drug reaction, with a reported mortality of 10%. Long-term outcomes involve organic failure and autoimmune diseases in some populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical prognosis of patients with drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review at a referral hospital in Mexico City in a period of 22 years (1992-2013), looking up for records with diagnosis of DRESS according to RegiSCAR criteria. Clinical characteristics, organ failures, culprit drugs, treatment, and short and long-term sequelae were analyzed. RESULTS: We found 11 patients with diagnosis of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome, 7 female and 4 male, with a median age of 22 years-old; 9 had maculopapular rash and 2 were erythrodermic. Affected organs were liver (8/11), kidney (6/11) and hematologic disorders (8/11). The most common culprit drugs were antiepileptic (63%). Systemic corticosteroids were given to 8 patients, being pyelonephritis (1/8) and pneumonia (2/8) the adverse events of this therapy. Long-term sequelae were 1 patient with renal failure, 1 patient with chronic anemia; and 2 patients developed autoimmune diseases (one autoimmune thyroid disease and another one with autoimmune thyroid disease and autoimmune hemolytic anemia). Study limitations: The retrospective nature of the study and the limited number of patients with drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome has been linked to the development of chronic organ failure. We found two young patients who developed autoimmune diseases in the short term. Patients with drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms should have a long-term monitoring for signs or symptoms suggestive of an autoimmune disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Autoimmune Diseases/etiology , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/etiology , Prognosis , Autoimmune Diseases/immunology , Retrospective Studies , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/immunology , Mexico
6.
7.
San Salvador; s.n; 2010. 89 p. Tab, Graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, BISSAL | ID: biblio-1224199

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación fue realizada con el objetivo de diagnosticar la condición bucal de la población que asiste a consulta odontológica a las Unidades de Salud de Santa Rosa de Lima, San Alejo y Agua Fría en conjunto, en el departamento de La Unión. El estudio es de tipo descriptivo detallando la población por rangos de edad, aspectos socioeconómicos, así como la aplicación de diversos índices epidemiológicos; y se llevó a cabo en el año 2009 en los meses de julio a octubre. La población de estudio fueron los pacientes que acudieron a la consulta odontológica en la Unidad de Salud Santa Rosa de Lima con una muestra aleatoria de 174 pacientes y de la Unidad de Salud de San Alejo y Casa de Salud de Agua Fría con 88 pacientes como muestra aleatoria. Se indagaron datos generales del paciente a través de una cédula de la entrevista, y se evaluó la condición bucal por medio de una guía de observación. De los resultados obtenidos los principales motivos de consulta fueron: problemas dentales con 49% y 63%, y problemas periodontales con 49% y 37%; la exostosis con 70% y 20% , y eritroplasia con 20%; el índice de placa bacteriana Loe y Sillness 47% con buen estado y 51% condición leve, para el índice gingival 58% y 48% con buen estado, en cuanto al índice periodontal comunitario presento cálculo supra o subgingival en el 50% y 70%, para el índice de estética dental DAI y el índice de maloclusión en niños hay predominio de la oclusión normal y maloclusión mínima y el índice CPO/D-ceo/d resulto alto. Se concluyó que los problemas dentales son el principal problema de las poblaciones de estudio.


This research was carried out with the objective of diagnosing the oral condition of the population that attends dental consultations at the Health Units of Santa Rosa de Lima, San Alejo and Agua Fría as a whole, in the department of La Unión. The study is descriptive, detailing the population by age ranges, socioeconomic aspects, as well as the application of various epidemiological indices; and it was carried out in 2009 from July to October. The study population was the patients who attended the dental consultation at the Santa Rosa de Lima Health Unit with a random sample of 174 patients and from the San Alejo Health Unit and the Agua Fría Health House with 88 patients as a sample. random. General data of the patient were inquired through an interview card, and the oral condition was evaluated by means of an observation guide. From the results obtained, the main reasons for consultation were: dental problems with 49% and 63%, and periodontal problems with 49% and 37%; exostosis with 70% and 20%, and erythroplasia with 20%; the Loe and Sillness plaque index 47% with good condition and 51% mild condition, for the gingival index 58% and 48% with good condition, as for the community periodontal index I present supra or subgingival calculus in 50% and 70% For the DAI dental aesthetics index and the malocclusion index in children, there is a predominance of normal occlusion and minimal malocclusion and the CPO / D-ceo / d index was high. It was concluded that dental problems are the main problem in the study populations.


Subject(s)
Oral Medicine , Pathology, Oral , Public Health , El Salvador
8.
Medicina (Guayaquil) ; 10(4): 307-312, oct. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-652689

ABSTRACT

Presentamos un paciente con metahemoglobinemia grave atendido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP), del hospital de niños “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde” de la ciudad de Guayaquil, por ingesta accidental de nitrito de sodio; además una revisión bibliográfica.En nuestro medio no es frecuente la intoxicación por estas sustancias ya que la ingesta de agua de pozos subterráneos no es común; pero dado el aumento del consumo de embutidos (fiambres), carnes mantenidas en refrigeración y alimentos en conservas que utilizan nitratos y/o nitritos como conservantes y para mejorar las propiedades organolépticas de dichos productos, hay que tener siempre en mente esta modalidad de intoxicación, sobre todo en niños pequeños que tienen sus mecanismos de reducción de metahemoglobina (MHb) poco desarrollados, por lo que en casos graves, puede ser fatal, si no se instaura el tratamiento específico y a tiempo; de allí la importancia de contar con centros debidamente equipados en toxicología que atiendan las 24 horas y que orienten el tratamiento y ayuden a la obtención de ciertos antídotos.


We present a case of a patient with metahemoglobinemia in the Intensive Care Unit due to the ingestion of sodium nitrite.In our society the poisoning due to nitrate and nitrite is rare but due to meats maintained in refrigeration and canned foods the incidence has increased. In children metahemoglobin process is not fully developed qualified medical professionals should treat this type of poisoning if the proper treatment is not given poisoning could be fatal. That is why it is very important to know that this type of poisoning exists.


Subject(s)
Male , Child, Preschool , Foodborne Diseases , Nitrates , Nitrites , Child, Preschool , Consciousness Disorders , Methemoglobin
9.
Managua; s.n; mayo 2002. 21 p.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-408511

ABSTRACT

El documento presenta un ensayo de tipo analítico y persuasivo sobre Equida de género y políticas de salud, así como los objetivos, el desarrollo del contenido donde se plantean altenativas para resolver el problema de una política de salud con equidad de género


Subject(s)
Equity , Health Policy , Health Services Research , Nicaragua
10.
Temas enferm. actual ; 7(32): 5-8, jun. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-236536

ABSTRACT

La evaluación de desempeño constituye una herramienta indispensable para el gestor de enfermería en vista de una mejor calidad del Servicio. El presente artículo desarrolla la necesidad y los criterios de evaluación del personal, y ofrece un ejemplo de protocolo de evaluación


Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Audit/methods , Nursing Staff/education , Nursing Audit/standards , Nursing Assistants/education , /standards
11.
Rev. argent. enferm ; (29): 74-5, oct. 1991. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-109369

ABSTRACT

El texto que se presenta se dedica a analizar la composición de los fibrinolíticos, su mecanismo de acción, sus indicaciones y contraindicaciones más importantes y destaca las acciones de enfermería ante pacientes con este tratamiento


Subject(s)
Fibrinolytic Agents/pharmacology , Nursing Care/standards , Fibrinolytic Agents/classification , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Streptokinase/administration & dosage , Streptokinase/adverse effects
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